Moment 106 - Marketing Principles That Made Brewdog Billions: James Watt
Going to your marketing thesis, because this is really what's defined
Brue Dogg in the eye of the consumer. In the eye of someone like me, that doesn't
honestly drink beer, but knows about the brand and considers it to be a famous brand
and watched it on LinkedIn and social media over the years, build it, sort of a claim.
What is your principles that underline your marketing thesis? Because your marketing thesis
is very, very different to pretty much nearly all brands in this country. There's maybe
a 0.1% that maybe you've copied or that have been inspired or that chicken and egg, I
don't know who came first, but it's a very unique thesis towards marketing. What
depends on it? We've got two very simple tests that we apply to everything that we do from
a market perspective. The first test is, would or could another business do this thing? If
the answer is yes, we've got to seriously consider why we're doing it. The second test
is, if I spend a pound on this, is it going to give me a 10 extra turn, how a competitor
would spend that pound? We are in an industry dominated by global behemoths of businesses
who are hundreds of times our size and we're closing that gap and we want to close that
gap, but we only close that gap by making our market and our communications, everything
we do work so much more effectively than theirs. If our market is only as effective as theirs,
we don't close that gap and we lose. The two tests are, could or would another company
do this? Is it going to give me a 10 extra turn versus how my competitor would spend
that money? If I'm thinking about how to drive a better
return on marketing, and then I think about what you've done, I see what we've got to
be probably bolder to win share of voice. We've got to try and win headlines in more extreme
ways because nobody's going to be writing about you for the fun of it. If you're a smaller
sort of challenge brand, then the second thing I think is we've got to do that on new platforms.
We can't fight out on TV or in newspapers because those are where you throw huge amounts
of money and you get a return. New platforms and new approaches. That's very much signified
what I've seen from BrewDog. Very bold and intentionally bold in our early years when
we had no budget whatsoever. The challenge was how can we get our name out there with
no money at all? We had to do things that were intentionally provocative, that were on the
edge and sometimes we can adjust that edge as well. That enabled us to get our name or
message or business out there with no budget at all. We've driven a tank through the streets
of London. We've thrown taxidermy cats out of a helicopter over the bank of England.
We've put Vladimir Putin in the front of a beer label. We've done a lot of things, low
budget, high impact, but we've tried to make it that everything we do ties back and is
underpinned by what we're passionate about. There has to be a connection there. It does
this reinforce what we believe in what we're trying to do as a company because otherwise
it's just hollow and it's fake and it's false. How does this reinforce the core beliefs that
drive this business, which is trying to build an alternative business and a huge passion
for a fantastic beer?
One of the more extreme things, I sort of led a main thing. What else am I saying? I
think it's me for acting. I've seen it all because I'm obviously a marketer and running
a marketing company and seeking inspiration from lots of different brands and seeing what
they're doing and the impact it's having, especially on social media, which is my battle
ground. The thing I read about more recently was that you put in a complaint about your
own beer, which triggered press.
We did. This was all the way back in 2008 and we had a few running battles with a few
bigger players. One of them was the Portman Group. The Portman Group was an industry, still
as an industry regulator. For me, it was a thinly veiled cartel funded by the big drinks
businesses who have got a vested interest in making sure that small businesses are not
successful. There was a few dual ins at the pub that were so silly and frivolous that
we wanted to make a statement. We complained about one of our own beers to make a meta statement
about how silly the process is and how essentially corrupt it was as an organization funded by
the big beer companies, big drinks businesses who have got a vested interest in making sure
the small ones are not successful.
How does that work? You make a beer that is really high in AVB.
Was that the correct term?
It was, yes.
We made a beer called Tokyo 18%. If you looked at the newspaper headlines in the UK when
we launched that beer, you would have thought that I was single-handedly responsible for
the downfall of Western civilization by making an 18% beer. We had it in the sun binge drinking,
blame this man, with a cut out of my head in a bottle of Tokyo that took a bit of explaining
to my very religious grandmother. That's another story. Everything we did with that
beer was, we just made a thousand bottles. It was very expensive. It was for connoisseurs.
It was for aficionados. We want to elevate the status of beer. I think the more someone
can understand and appreciate something, the less likely they are to abuse it. We make
expensive products for people who love fantastic beer. It was to make a statement of, you've
got all these big companies doing very cheap alcohol that's likely to be abused, trying
to ban products of this company that's looking to elevate the status, increase education,
no weariness to a down beer and lead people to appreciate and enjoy beer and that were
elevated. When you see yourself in the sun with a cardboard cut out of your face, is
that swings in roundabouts? Is that good from a marketing perspective? Is that a good
outcome? Because you were trying to get a headline. You complained about your own beer.
You were trying to get headlines. Is that job done? I think in that one to a certain
extent, it was a job done. To show you how odd things were back then. This was 2009-2010
when we were starting to get momentum and the beer scene was starting to change. The big
companies had it their own way for way too long and things were starting to change.
There was a word ceremony in Scotland in 2010 put together by the BII, the British
and Keepers Institute. We got heads up before the word ceremony. You're going to win the
award for Scottish Bard Oparetor of the Year. You better come to the word ceremony. We
went there. We booked a table. They were just about to announce it. I was halfway up to
the stage to get the award and they announced a different company. I was like, okay. But
then the other company didn't want to take the award because our name was engraved in
the show for you. He was like, well, we don't want it. The next day I spoke to the person
that organized the award ceremony. I was like, what happened? You told us we were going
to win. He was like, well, Diadio, one of the world's biggest drinks companies, they were
the main sponsor. They told me five minutes before we were going to give it to you. If
they gave it to you guys, they were going to pull off future sponsorship. You joking?
We felt we didn't have an option. We put this online. It blew up. It was trending and
Twitter globally. That day, Diadio issued us a formal apology about the whole thing. That
apology was in killer broadcast news. It just showed back then how the dynamic in the beer
industry was changing and how the big beer companies and big drinks companies were acting
towards that change of which the partner was one manifestation of it.
Did you take that personally? I took that as a sign that we're doing the right thing.
I think unless other businesses are copying you or trying to knock you, then you're not
doing well enough. Unless you're doing something that's worthy of people copying it, and a
lot of people moan on being copied, unless you're being copied, you need to up your game and
you need to do better. Unless your competitors are trying to knock you down, you're not enough
of a threat to your competition. I took that as a sign that we're on the right track.
We're doing the right thing. Let's keep going.
The other extreme marketing that I saw, which was when I first read it, I thought this was
fucking hilarious, is the Elvis estate tried to copyright in Fringeu for calling your
USB, which I think is your most popular USB. It is Elvis juice.
Elvis juice. Basically, your copyright statement, basically a notice that you've
you're violating the copyright. Yes.
You responded with some Elvis rhyme. We did.
On the LinkedIn post, I thought it said you changed your name to Elvis.
Then the BBC commented that didn't happen. What is the truth in this one? What did you
change your name to Elvis? Yeah, we did. Just to go back in the story, not Elvis himself,
Elvis is a state, sent us a letter saying we couldn't use the name Elvis in a beer. If
we did, we had to pay them a license fee for every can, case and bottle of beer that we
sold. What myself and Martin did, we changed our names to Elvis and we sent them a letter
back saying that they couldn't use our name when they're music and they had to pay us
a license fee for every time they played one of Elvis's songs. Got a huge amount of publicity
at the time. We were both Elvis for a few weeks. Then we changed our names back.
The BBC attacked us on that as they have on many things. However, the BBC misunderstood
the Scottish procedure for changing the name. They said we didn't change your name by deed
pull. That's not a Scottish thing. Scotland, you need an official declaration to change
your name, which we did. What's that just signing off his paper? You sign a official
declaration piece of paper and that counts as a name change in Scotland. You don't even
have to send it to anybody. Don't have to send it to anyone. We met the Scottish requirements,
which is what we said we did. My grandmother was very unhappy and she insisted I change
my name back to James. Brudon's marketing has been so bold and it's been so standout.
In terms of how hard you've, in terms of the return on every dollar you've spent, it seems
to have been a pretty astounding return per dollar spent because you've done these big
viral activations. A lot of them are like parodies or they're taking the piss of big
corporations. We're sticking it to the man in various ways or going out the incumbents
in the industry. Some of them, though, even the example you gave there, they're complaining
about your own beer. With the Portland truth. Obviously, the complaint wasn't real because
it was you. What is the line between truth when you're doing these stunts and virality
and untruth for you? Where do you play? Are you willing to do something that is from a
marketing perspective that is not necessarily true like a plane about your own beer if you
believe it will help reach the outcome, which is to stick it to the Portland group?
Yeah, well, I think with that one, it wasn't necessarily unfilled because afterwards we
said we made this complaint. It was us who disclosed the fact that we made the complaint
and we disclosed that to just show how ridiculous the system was. If we hadn't said it was us
that complained about it, then I would accept that was being a bit dishonest. The fact that
we came out and we said, hey, the system fundamentally doesn't work and we wanted to
expose that by making this complaint was what we intended to do there.
When we first started talking about marketing, one of the things you said was we made a lot
of mistakes. Yeah, took things too far. Yeah. What did you take too far in hindsight now?
Now that you're a big global brand and everyone is looking back at all the steps when you
weren't so big. Yeah. I think the mistakes that we've made in marketing is when we've
tried to do something which is on the edge or which is controversial, which needs explaining.
So if you look at the thing in its totality, then it is potentially a positive thing.
But if you only see a snapshot of it, then your takeaway from that could be negative.
So I think a lot of the mistakes that we made from a market perspective and we did some
amazing things, but we did make some mistakes was when we got too clever with the concept
and the intention behind it, which was genuine got lost. So a famous example of one of the
mistakes that we made in marketing. For International Women's Day, we wanted to highlight the gender
pay gap. This was a project that was put together by some of the fantastic women we've got in
our business. And we made a beer called Pink IPA that we was get sale 21% cheaper to women
to highlight the gender pay gap, which was something that we felt passionate about. And
then the proceeds from sale of that beer went to charity is which help women in women's
pay in the workplace and these kind of things. But then what happened was people just saw
Pink IPA and it looked like we were it was the beer itself was a parody of products which
market themselves towards women. But then it just looked like another shawdick that market
itself to where women and if anyone like dug into it and understood, okay, this is to
highlight the gender pay gap and they're doing some good with the money and there's
a genuine cause. People just saw the Pink IPA, they saw the image and came to the conclusion
that we're just doing the thing that we were going to fight against. And that was a kiki
learning it. People just see a snapshot of a thing. So you need to make sure that all
of the message that you want to land as in that snapshot. Because a lot of people's not
going to dig deeper into what it is. What I got from that was that like you've got to
create a marketing campaign where the context is sort of can't be separated. Can't be separated
exactly. Because it will be separated if it can be. Exactly. 100%.
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